Islam Leads Life (book)

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* '''abstract'''

'''Islam Leads Life''' (in Arabic: [[:fa:الاسلام_یقود_الحیاة_(کتاب)|الاسلام یقود الحیاة]]) is an Arabic book, authored by [[~~Sayyid Muhammad-Bāqir al-Ṣadr|~~Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], containing Islamic views about the Islamic government. This book is a compilation of six articles written by him in response to the questions of some Lebanese scholars about the laws of Islam regarding the government established by [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]] in Iran. The author believed in the necessity of establishing an Islamic government by human beings as God’s vicegerents on earth, and the supervisory role of jurists as representatives of the Sharia. Sadr explained their duties and laid out the Islamic economic program in line with governance.

'''Islam Leads Life''' (in Arabic: [[:fa:الاسلام_یقود_الحیاة_(کتاب)|الاسلام یقود الحیاة]]) is an Arabic book, authored by [[Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], containing Islamic views about the Islamic government. This book is a compilation of six articles written by him in response to the questions of some Lebanese scholars about the laws of Islam regarding the government established by [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]] in Iran. The author believed in the necessity of establishing an Islamic government by human beings as God’s vicegerents on earth, and the supervisory role of jurists as representatives of the Sharia. Sadr explained their duties and laid out the Islamic economic program in line with governance.

Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr believed that Islam’s economic program is derived from components that the religion has proposed as the wisdom behind fixed rules, and that laws should be determined based on these components. This author believed that the economic system of Islam is different to other economic systems in the world and that the bank plays an important role in economic development. Sadr considered the capitalist system of banking as facing many problems and therefore believed that the bank should be used for constructing an Islamic economy, according to the instructions of Islam.

==Introduction and structure report==

The book al-Islām Yaqūd al-Ḥayāt, written by [[~~Sayyid Muhammad-Bāqir al-Ṣadr|~~Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], is a collection of six articles that discuss Islam’s approach about the government and its plan for it. In this book the author ruled the establishment of an Islamic government by people under supervision of jurists as legitimate. He specified the first article, titled “a brief look on the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Constitution,” to discussions around legitimacy of the Islamic government, duties of religious authorities (Marāgi‘) and differences between Islam and other governmental schools of thought. In the second and third articles, titled “an image of the economy of the Islamic society” and “detailed programs of the economy of the Islamic society,” he employed the concept of constant elements, meaning the rules of Sharia clearly written in religious texts, and used them to discover the Lawmaker’s intentions from establishing these rules, and believed that laws should be codified, regarding the issue of economy, that can be based on the Sharia. In the fourth article, titled “man’s vicegerency and the prophets’ supervision,” he investigated the position of people and jurists in the governmental system of Islam, and in the fifth article, titled “the sources of power in the Islamic government,” he examined the intellectual ideas of Islam for government. In the sixth article titled “general rules of banking in the Islamic society,” Sadr considered the bank as an important institution in the Islamic economy and offered a new way of banking with goals and a management style that are different from those of capitalist banks.

The book al-Islām Yaqūd al-Ḥayāt, written by [[Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], is a collection of six articles that discuss Islam’s approach about the government and its plan for it. In this book the author ruled the establishment of an Islamic government by people under supervision of jurists as legitimate. He specified the first article, titled “a brief look on the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Constitution,” to discussions around legitimacy of the Islamic government, duties of religious authorities (Marāgi‘) and differences between Islam and other governmental schools of thought. In the second and third articles, titled “an image of the economy of the Islamic society” and “detailed programs of the economy of the Islamic society,” he employed the concept of constant elements, meaning the rules of Sharia clearly written in religious texts, and used them to discover the Lawmaker’s intentions from establishing these rules, and believed that laws should be codified, regarding the issue of economy, that can be based on the Sharia. In the fourth article, titled “man’s vicegerency and the prophets’ supervision,” he investigated the position of people and jurists in the governmental system of Islam, and in the fifth article, titled “the sources of power in the Islamic government,” he examined the intellectual ideas of Islam for government. In the sixth article titled “general rules of banking in the Islamic society,” Sadr considered the bank as an important institution in the Islamic economy and offered a new way of banking with goals and a management style that are different from those of capitalist banks.

These articles have been written after the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979 upon the request of a group of Lebanese scholars. This collection of articles has been published in the form of a book by different publishers in successive years. A Persian translation of this book has been produced in 2014 (1393 SH) by Mahdi Zandīyi and published by Dār al- Sadr publication. About 20 years before writing these articles, a book titled [[Iqtiṣādunā]] was published by the author, in which the economic topics of this book are explained in more details.

==A brief jurisprudential look at the Islamic government==

The author believed that [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]] was able to create a new era in the Islamic world with his revolution. The selected image that is presented of the Islamic government according to Islamic jurisprudential bases is as follows (p. 24): 1) True guardianship belongs only to God. 2) According to hadith, in upcoming issues, the absolute Mujtahid (religious authority), who is just and in the same level as the Imam, is the Imam’s deputy and the one to whom people refer, to the extent that religion is implemented in life. 3) According to this principle, the [leadership] council acts on behalf of the Ummah (community) and people can intervene in their affairs with the supervision of the Constitution by the deputy of the Imam. 4) Revelation explains the law of human being’s life for man. In addition to the rules of Sharia, including what Islamic laws permit and prohibit, there is also a [[The unlegislated zone]] (area without any religious rulings) in the Sharia where the legislator is allowed to issue rulings and to enact laws that are not contrary to the Sharia. This power to legislate and execute that is bestowed on the Ummah is along the power of God (and originates from it).

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===The nature of banking activity in Islamic banking===

Consolidation of property should be done by the government so that wealth remains in public hands.

The government should draw a plan according to the Islamic economic method, which means eliminating profit, eliminating accumulation of wealth and doing real buying and selling, eliminating poverty and creating a platform for loans.

Collecting capitals in Islamic banking should be without promising any profit. The deposit should be made as a loan, or as a muḍārabah , and the money should be used in economic activities.

The bank must be committed to maintaining the physics and value of money in case of deposit as a loan, and in case of a muḍārabah deposit, it must be committed to paying the interest of acting in a risky manner.

Islamic Bank should use deposits, given to it as loans, to give loans to needy people or to carry out production projects that are of general interest.

The bank is required to share the interests gained from the deposits left to it in the form of muḍārabah, that it uses in production projects, with the customer in a determined ratio. If the agent is someone other than the bank, the bank can only receive the commission and the partnership is between the agent and the customer (pp. 195-214).

[[fa:الاسلام یقود الحیاة (کتاب)]]

[[~~category~~: ~~book review~~]]

[[Category:Bibliography Articles]]

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 * '''abstract'''
-'''Islam Leads Life''' (in Arabic: [[:fa:الاسلام_یقود_الحیاة_(کتاب)|الاسلام یقود الحیاة]]) is an Arabic book, authored by [[Sayyid Muhammad-Bāqir al-Ṣadr|Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], containing Islamic views about the Islamic government. This book is a compilation of six articles written by him in response to the questions of some Lebanese scholars about the laws of Islam regarding the government established by [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]] in Iran. The author believed in the necessity of establishing an Islamic government by human beings as God’s vicegerents on earth, and the supervisory role of jurists as representatives of the Sharia. Sadr explained their duties and laid out the Islamic economic program in line with governance.
+'''Islam Leads Life''' (in Arabic: [[:fa:الاسلام_یقود_الحیاة_(کتاب)|الاسلام یقود الحیاة]]) is an Arabic book, authored by  [[Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], containing Islamic views about the Islamic government. This book is a compilation of six articles written by him in response to the questions of some Lebanese scholars about the laws of Islam regarding the government established by [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]] in Iran. The author believed in the necessity of establishing an Islamic government by human beings as God’s vicegerents on earth, and the supervisory role of jurists as representatives of the Sharia. Sadr explained their duties and laid out the Islamic economic program in line with governance.
 Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr believed that Islam’s economic program is derived from components that the religion has proposed as the wisdom behind fixed rules, and that laws should be determined based on these components. This author believed that the economic system of Islam is different to other economic systems in the world and that the bank plays an important role in economic development. Sadr considered the capitalist system of banking as facing many problems and therefore believed that the bank should be used for constructing an Islamic economy, according to the instructions of Islam.
 ==Introduction and structure report==
-The book al-Islām Yaqūd al-Ḥayāt, written by [[Sayyid Muhammad-Bāqir al-Ṣadr|Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], is a collection of six articles that discuss Islam’s approach about the government and its plan for it. In this book the author ruled the establishment of an Islamic government by people under supervision of jurists as legitimate. He specified the first article, titled “a brief look on the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Constitution,” to discussions around legitimacy of the Islamic government, duties of religious authorities (Marāgi‘) and differences between Islam and other governmental schools of thought. In the second and third articles, titled “an image of the economy of the Islamic society” and “detailed programs of the economy of the Islamic society,” he employed the concept of constant elements, meaning the rules of Sharia clearly written in religious texts, and used them to discover the Lawmaker’s intentions from establishing these rules, and believed that laws should be codified, regarding the issue of economy, that can be based on the Sharia. In the fourth article, titled “man’s vicegerency and the prophets’ supervision,” he investigated the position of people and jurists in the governmental system of Islam, and in the fifth article, titled “the sources of power in the Islamic government,” he examined the intellectual ideas of Islam for government. In the sixth article titled “general rules of banking in the Islamic society,” Sadr considered the bank as an important institution in the Islamic economy and offered a new way of banking with goals and a management style that are different from those of capitalist banks.
+The book al-Islām Yaqūd al-Ḥayāt, written by  [[Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Sadr]], is a collection of six articles that discuss Islam’s approach about the government and its plan for it. In this book the author ruled the establishment of an Islamic government by people under supervision of jurists as legitimate. He specified the first article, titled “a brief look on the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Constitution,” to discussions around legitimacy of the Islamic government, duties of religious authorities (Marāgi‘) and differences between Islam and other governmental schools of thought. In the second and third articles, titled “an image of the economy of the Islamic society” and “detailed programs of the economy of the Islamic society,” he employed the concept of constant elements, meaning the rules of Sharia clearly written in religious texts, and used them to discover the Lawmaker’s intentions from establishing these rules, and believed that laws should be codified, regarding the issue of economy, that can be based on the Sharia. In the fourth article, titled “man’s vicegerency and the prophets’ supervision,” he investigated the position of people and jurists in the governmental system of Islam, and in the fifth article, titled “the sources of power in the Islamic government,” he examined the intellectual ideas of Islam for government. In the sixth article titled “general rules of banking in the Islamic society,” Sadr considered the bank as an important institution in the Islamic economy and offered a new way of banking with goals and a management style that are different from those of capitalist banks.
 These articles have been written after the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979 upon the request of a group of Lebanese scholars. This collection of articles has been published in the form of a book by different publishers in successive years. A Persian translation of this book has been produced in 2014 (1393 SH) by Mahdi Zandīyi and published by Dār al- Sadr publication. About 20 years before writing these articles, a book titled [[Iqtiṣādunā]] was published by the author, in which the economic topics of this book are explained in more details.
 ==A brief jurisprudential look at the Islamic government==
 The author believed that [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]] was able to create a new era in the Islamic world with his revolution. The selected image that is presented of the Islamic government according to Islamic jurisprudential bases is as follows (p. 24): 1) True guardianship belongs only to God. 2) According to hadith, in upcoming issues, the absolute Mujtahid (religious authority), who is just and in the same level as the Imam, is the Imam’s deputy and the one to whom people refer, to the extent that religion is implemented in life. 3) According to this principle, the [leadership] council acts on behalf of the Ummah (community) and people can intervene in their affairs with the supervision of the Constitution by the deputy of the Imam. 4) Revelation explains the law of human being’s life for man. In addition to the rules of Sharia, including what Islamic laws permit and prohibit, there is also a [[The unlegislated zone]] (area without any religious rulings) in the Sharia where the legislator is allowed to issue rulings and to enact laws that are not contrary to the Sharia. This power to legislate and execute that is bestowed on the Ummah is along the power of God (and originates from it).
@@ Line 99: / Line 100: @@
 ===The nature of banking activity in Islamic banking===
 Consolidation of property should be done by the government so that wealth remains in public hands.
 The government should draw a plan according to the Islamic economic method, which means eliminating profit, eliminating accumulation of wealth and doing real buying and selling, eliminating poverty and creating a platform for loans.
 Collecting capitals in Islamic banking should be without promising any profit. The deposit should be made as a loan, or as a muḍārabah , and the money should be used in economic activities.
 The bank must be committed to maintaining the physics and value of money in case of deposit as a loan, and in case of a muḍārabah deposit, it must be committed to paying the interest of acting in a risky manner.
 Islamic Bank should use deposits, given to it as loans, to give loans to needy people or to carry out production projects that are of general interest.
 The bank is required to share the interests gained from the deposits left to it in the form of muḍārabah, that it uses in production projects, with the customer in a determined ratio. If the agent is someone other than the bank, the bank can only receive the commission and the partnership is between the agent and the customer (pp. 195-214).
 [[fa:الاسلام یقود الحیاة (کتاب)]]
-[[category: book review]]
+[[Category:Bibliography Articles]]

Islam Leads Life (book): Difference between revisions