Mirza Mohammad-Hossein Gharavi Na'ini: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox person | {{infobox person | ||
| reputation = | | reputation = | ||
| name = Mohammad- | | name = Mohammad-Husayn Gharavi Na'ini | ||
| birth = 1276 AH (c. 1860 CE) | | birth = 1276 AH (c. 1860 CE) | ||
| demise = 1355 AH (c. 1936 CE) | | demise = 1355 AH (c. 1936 CE) | ||
| image = Ayatollah Mirza Hussain Naini.jpg | | image = Ayatollah Mirza Hussain Naini.jpg | ||
| image size = | | image size = 220px | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| position = Marja' al-Taqlid, a leader of the Constitutional Revolution | | position = Marja' al-Taqlid, a leader of the Constitutional Revolution | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
| works in contemporary jurisprudence = [[Tanbih al-Ummah wa Tanzih al-Millah]] | | works in contemporary jurisprudence = [[Tanbih al-Ummah wa Tanzih al-Millah]] | ||
| opinions = Jurisprudential and principled defense of constitutional government, general guardianship of the jurists | | opinions = Jurisprudential and principled defense of constitutional government, general guardianship of the jurists | ||
| professors = | | professors = [[Muhammad Hasan Shirazi]], [[Muhammad Kazim Khurasani]] | ||
| students = [[ | | students = [[Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei]], [[Muhammad Ali Kazimi]] | ||
| website = | | website = | ||
}} | }} | ||
=== Abstract === | === Abstract === | ||
'''Mohammad- | '''Mirza Mohammad-Hossein Gharavi Na'ini''' (in persian: [[:fa:محمدحسین_غروی_نائینی|محمدحسین غروی نائینی]]) (1276-1355 AH), known as Mirza Na'ini, was a Shia jurist and Marja' al-Taqlid (source of emulation) in the contemporary era (14th century AH) and one of the clerical supporters of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran. The importance of Mirza Na'ini lies in his jurisprudential and principled innovations, and especially in his composition of the treatise [[Tanbih al-Ummah wa Tanzih al-Millah]] (The Admonition to the Nation and the Purification of the Creed), which established the "Jurisprudence of Constitutionalism" (fiqh al-mashrutah). | ||
The authority of reason and the [[practice of the wise]] (sirat al-'uqala), the distinction between religious innovation (bid'ah) and novel creation (badi'), and the division of rulings into stipulated (mansus) and non-stipulated domains are among the intellectual foundations and principles of Mirza Na'ini that had a great impact on the formulation of his ideas. A jurisprudential and principled defense of constitutional government and its indicators such as [[legislation]], the National Consultative Assembly, freedom and [[equality]], [[separation of powers]], and [[majority rule]], as well as the belief in the general guardianship of jurists, are among his ideas in contemporary jurisprudence that influenced the thought of later jurists such as [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]]. | The authority of reason and the [[practice of the wise]] (sirat al-'uqala), the distinction between religious innovation (bid'ah) and novel creation (badi'), and the division of rulings into stipulated (mansus) and non-stipulated domains are among the intellectual foundations and principles of Mirza Na'ini that had a great impact on the formulation of his ideas. A jurisprudential and principled defense of constitutional government and its indicators such as [[legislation]], the National Consultative Assembly, freedom and [[equality]], [[separation of powers]], and [[majority rule]], as well as the belief in the general guardianship of jurists, are among his ideas in contemporary jurisprudence that influenced the thought of later jurists such as [[Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini]]. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{References}} | {{References}} | ||
* Amin, Sayyid Muhsin, | * Amin, Sayyid Muhsin, '''A'yan al-Shi'a''', Beirut: Dar al-Ta'aruf li-l-Matbu'at, 1406 AH. | ||
* Aqa Bozorg Tehrani, Mohammad-Mohsen, | * Aqa Bozorg Tehrani, Mohammad-Mohsen, T'''abaqat A'lam al-Shi'a (Nuqaba' al-Bashar fi al-Qarn al-Rabi' 'Ashar)''', Mashhad: Dar al-Murtada, 1404 AH. | ||
* | * Feirahi, Davoud, '''Astaneh-ye Tajaddod''' [The Threshold of Modernity], Tehran: Nashr-e Ney, 2015. | ||
* | * Feirahi, Davoud, '''Fiqh va Siyasat dar Iran-e Mo'aser''' [Jurisprudence and Politics in Contemporary Iran], Tehran: Nashr-e Ney, 2013. | ||
* Haeri, Abdolhadi, *Tashayyu' va Mashrutiyyat dar Iran va Naqsh-e Iranian-e Moqim-e 'Iraq* [Shi'ism and Constitutionalism in Iran and the Role of Iranians Residing in Iraq], Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications, 1985. | * Haeri, Abdolhadi, *Tashayyu' va Mashrutiyyat dar Iran va Naqsh-e Iranian-e Moqim-e 'Iraq* [Shi'ism and Constitutionalism in Iran and the Role of Iranians Residing in Iraq], Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications, 1985. | ||
* | * '''Hamaseh-ye Fatwa''' [The Epic of the Fatwa], special issue of the Jomhouri-e Eslami newspaper on the centenary of the death of Mirza Shirazi, 1991, interview with Ayatollah Sayyid Razi Shirazi. | ||
* | * Khoei, Abul-Qasim, '''Misbah al-Fiqahah''', reported by Mohammad-Ali Tawhidi, Qom: Nashr al-Fiqahah, 1420 AH. | ||
* Montazeri, Hossein-Ali, | * Montazeri, Hossein-Ali, '''Mabani-ye Fiqhi-ye Hukumat-e Islami''' [The Jurisprudential Foundations of Islamic Government], translated by Mahmoud Salavati and Abolfazl Shakouri, Qom: Kayhan Institute, 1409 AH. | ||
* | * Na'ini, Mohammad-Hossein, '''Tanbih al-Ummah wa Tanzih al-Millah''', edited by Sayyid Javad Vara'i, Qom: Bustan-e Ketab, 2003. | ||
* Najafi Khwansari, Musa, | * Najafi Khwansari, '''Musa, Munyat al-Talib''', Qom: Mu'assasah-ye Nashr-e Islami, 1418 AH. | ||
* | * Vara'i, Sayyid Javad, '''Pazhuheshi dar Andisheh-ye Siyasi-ye Na'ini''' [A Study in the Political Thought of Na'ini], Qom: Scientific Research Center of the Secretariat of the Assembly of Experts, 2003. | ||
{{End}} | {{End}} | ||