Polygyny

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=== Quran Verses ===

The most important Quranic reasons for the proponents of the permissibility of polygyny are [[~~Verse 3 of Surah An-Nisa|Verses~~ 3]] and [[Verse 129 of Surah An-Nisa|129 ~~of Surah An-Nisa~~]]. In the third verse, the phrase "Fankihu ma taba lakum..." (Then marry those that please you...) is considered the main Quranic documentation for the permissibility of polygyny.<ref>Mufid, Ahkam al-Nisa, p. 42.</ref> Jurists have inferred only permissibility from the imperative form in this verse;<ref>Jassas, Ahkam al-Qur'an, vol. 2, pp. 342-343; Kazemi, Masalik al-Afham ila Ayat al-Ahkam; vol. 3, p. 179.</ref> because this command is suspended on "fear" and is in the context of the illusion of prohibition.<ref>Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, vol. 29, pp. 10-11; Yazdi, Al-Urwa al-Wuthqa, vol. 2, p. 748, marginal note by Makarem Shirazi.</ref> Additionally, the "waw" (and) in "Mathna wa Thulatha wa Ruba'a" (two and three and four) is considered, based on consensus, to mean "or" for limiting the ruling to four wives.<ref>Tusi, Al-Khilaf, vol. 4, pp. 293-294.</ref>

The most important Quranic reasons for the proponents of the permissibility of polygyny are [[Quran 4:3]] and [[Verse 129 of Surah An-Nisa|Quran 4:129]]. In the third verse, the phrase "Fankihu ma taba lakum..." (Then marry those that please you...) is considered the main Quranic documentation for the permissibility of polygyny.<ref>Mufid, Ahkam al-Nisa, p. 42.</ref> Jurists have inferred only permissibility from the imperative form in this verse;<ref>Jassas, Ahkam al-Qur'an, vol. 2, pp. 342-343; Kazemi, Masalik al-Afham ila Ayat al-Ahkam; vol. 3, p. 179.</ref> because this command is suspended on "fear" and is in the context of the illusion of prohibition.<ref>Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, vol. 29, pp. 10-11; Yazdi, Al-Urwa al-Wuthqa, vol. 2, p. 748, marginal note by Makarem Shirazi.</ref> Additionally, the "waw" (and) in "Mathna wa Thulatha wa Ruba'a" (two and three and four) is considered, based on consensus, to mean "or" for limiting the ruling to four wives.<ref>Tusi, Al-Khilaf, vol. 4, pp. 293-294.</ref>

Verse 3 of Surah An-Nisa conditions the permissibility of plurality on the observance of justice: "Fa-in khiftum alla ta'dilu fa-wahidah" (But if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry only] one), while verse 129 of the same Surah considers its realization impossible: "Wa lan tastati'u an ta'dilu bayn an-nisa" (And you will never be able to be equal [in feeling] between wives). The famous Fiqhi view, by distinguishing between "practical justice" — meaning matters such as providing [[Nafaqa]], housing, clothing, and observing the right of sleeping together, which they consider possible — and "heart justice" which they consider impossible and outside of obligation, has attempted to resolve the apparent conflict between the two verses. According to them, polygyny is permissible with the observance of the condition of practical justice.<ref>Mufid, Al-Muqni'a, p. 517; Tusi, Al-Mabsut, vol. 8, p. 149; Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf, vol. 1, p. 572; Hilli, Kanz al-Irfan, vol. 2, p. 215.</ref>

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 === Quran Verses ===
-The most important Quranic reasons for the proponents of the permissibility of polygyny are [[Verse 3 of Surah An-Nisa|Verses 3]] and [[Verse 129 of Surah An-Nisa|129 of Surah An-Nisa]]. In the third verse, the phrase "Fankihu ma taba lakum..." (Then marry those that please you...) is considered the main Quranic documentation for the permissibility of polygyny.<ref>Mufid, Ahkam al-Nisa, p. 42.</ref> Jurists have inferred only permissibility from the imperative form in this verse;<ref>Jassas, Ahkam al-Qur'an, vol. 2, pp. 342-343; Kazemi, Masalik al-Afham ila Ayat al-Ahkam; vol. 3, p. 179.</ref> because this command is suspended on "fear" and is in the context of the illusion of prohibition.<ref>Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, vol. 29, pp. 10-11; Yazdi, Al-Urwa al-Wuthqa, vol. 2, p. 748, marginal note by Makarem Shirazi.</ref> Additionally, the "waw" (and) in "Mathna wa Thulatha wa Ruba'a" (two and three and four) is considered, based on consensus, to mean "or" for limiting the ruling to four wives.<ref>Tusi, Al-Khilaf, vol. 4, pp. 293-294.</ref>
+The most important Quranic reasons for the proponents of the permissibility of polygyny are [[Quran 4:3]] and  [[Verse 129 of Surah An-Nisa|Quran 4:129]]. In the third verse, the phrase "Fankihu ma taba lakum..." (Then marry those that please you...) is considered the main Quranic documentation for the permissibility of polygyny.<ref>Mufid, Ahkam al-Nisa, p. 42.</ref> Jurists have inferred only permissibility from the imperative form in this verse;<ref>Jassas, Ahkam al-Qur'an, vol. 2, pp. 342-343; Kazemi, Masalik al-Afham ila Ayat al-Ahkam; vol. 3, p. 179.</ref> because this command is suspended on "fear" and is in the context of the illusion of prohibition.<ref>Najafi, Jawahir al-Kalam, vol. 29, pp. 10-11; Yazdi, Al-Urwa al-Wuthqa, vol. 2, p. 748, marginal note by Makarem Shirazi.</ref> Additionally, the "waw" (and) in "Mathna wa Thulatha wa Ruba'a" (two and three and four) is considered, based on consensus, to mean "or" for limiting the ruling to four wives.<ref>Tusi, Al-Khilaf, vol. 4, pp. 293-294.</ref>
 Verse 3 of Surah An-Nisa conditions the permissibility of plurality on the observance of justice: "Fa-in khiftum alla ta'dilu fa-wahidah" (But if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry only] one), while verse 129 of the same Surah considers its realization impossible: "Wa lan tastati'u an ta'dilu bayn an-nisa" (And you will never be able to be equal [in feeling] between wives). The famous Fiqhi view, by distinguishing between "practical justice" — meaning matters such as providing [[Nafaqa]], housing, clothing, and observing the right of sleeping together, which they consider possible — and "heart justice" which they consider impossible and outside of obligation, has attempted to resolve the apparent conflict between the two verses. According to them, polygyny is permissible with the observance of the condition of practical justice.<ref>Mufid, Al-Muqni'a, p. 517; Tusi, Al-Mabsut, vol. 8, p. 149; Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf, vol. 1, p. 572; Hilli, Kanz al-Irfan, vol. 2, p. 215.</ref>

Polygyny: Difference between revisions