Euthanasia: Difference between revisions
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It is said that the term euthanasia was first introduced into medical culture by the 16th-century English philosopher Francis Bacon, in an essay titled "The Advancement of Learning," where he discussed a painless death.<ref>Vecchio and others, "Brief history of Euthanasia and the contribution of medical and surgical ethics to the cultural debate," p. 185.</ref> In the first half of the 20th century, Thomas More, an English lawyer and philosopher, in his book "Utopia," deemed this act legitimate for terminally ill patients suffering greatly, conditional on the permission of judges and priests.<ref>Vecchio and others, "Brief history of Euthanasia and the contribution of medical and surgical ethics to the cultural debate," p. 185.</ref> Since then, and especially after World War II, discussions and writings on this topic have intensified, and today it is one of the most important and controversial issues in the field of medical ethics and law.<ref>Afzali and Marzbandi, "Euthanasia in the History of Medicine," p. 67.</ref> | It is said that the term euthanasia was first introduced into medical culture by the 16th-century English philosopher Francis Bacon, in an essay titled "The Advancement of Learning," where he discussed a painless death.<ref>Vecchio and others, "Brief history of Euthanasia and the contribution of medical and surgical ethics to the cultural debate," p. 185.</ref> In the first half of the 20th century, Thomas More, an English lawyer and philosopher, in his book "Utopia," deemed this act legitimate for terminally ill patients suffering greatly, conditional on the permission of judges and priests.<ref>Vecchio and others, "Brief history of Euthanasia and the contribution of medical and surgical ethics to the cultural debate," p. 185.</ref> Since then, and especially after World War II, discussions and writings on this topic have intensified, and today it is one of the most important and controversial issues in the field of medical ethics and law.<ref>Afzali and Marzbandi, "Euthanasia in the History of Medicine," p. 67.</ref> | ||
Although related topics have been addressed in past jurisprudential works in the chapters on retribution (qisas) and blood money (diyah), and within issues such as "the prohibition of killing a soul"<ref>Muhaqqiq al-Hilli, *Shara'i' al-Islam*, vol. 4, p. 180.</ref> and "the impermissibility of killing someone who consents to it,"<ref>Muhaqqiq al-Hilli, *Shara'i' al-Islam*, vol. 4, p. 185.</ref> and the issue of ijhaz | Although related topics have been addressed in past jurisprudential works in the chapters on retribution (qisas) and blood money (diyah), and within issues such as "the prohibition of killing a soul"<ref>Muhaqqiq al-Hilli, *Shara'i' al-Islam*, vol. 4, p. 180.</ref> and "the impermissibility of killing someone who consents to it,"<ref>Muhaqqiq al-Hilli, *Shara'i' al-Islam*, vol. 4, p. 185.</ref> and the issue of ijhaz which is discussed in the chapter on jihad,<ref>A group of authors, *Farhang-e Fiqh-e Farsi*, vol. 1, p. 284.</ref> there has been no discussion on the rulings of euthanasia. This issue is an emergent one in the field of medical jurisprudence, which has now attracted the attention of contemporary jurists, who have addressed it in response to various inquiries.<ref>Al-'Ammari and Ben Hami, *Al-Qatl al-Rahim: Dirasa Muqarana bayn al-Shari'a al-Islamiyya wa al-Qanun al-Wad'i*, p. 9.</ref> | ||
==Prescriptive Ruling and Its Reasons== | ==Prescriptive Ruling and Its Reasons== | ||