دانشنامه فقه معاصر

اتانازی (منابع مطالعاتی): تفاوت میان نسخه‌ها

→ تفاوت با ویرایش قدیمی‌ترتفاوت با ویرایش جدیدتر ←
دیداریویکی‌متن
Sarfipour (بحث | مشارکت‌ها)
۴۳۴ ویرایش‌ها
Sarfipour (بحث | مشارکت‌ها)
۴۳۴ ویرایش‌ها
خط ۱۳۷: خط ۱۳۷:
#القتل الرحيم (الف) وموقف الشريعة منه، الاُستاذ الشيخ محمّد علي الأنصاري، مؤسسة دائرة المعارف فقه اسلامي، المجلد ۳۹، ص۸۳. بی‌تا. [https://lib.eshia.ir/10243/39/83/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%85 مقاله را از اینجا بخوانید.]
#القتل الرحيم (الف) وموقف الشريعة منه، الاُستاذ الشيخ محمّد علي الأنصاري، مؤسسة دائرة المعارف فقه اسلامي، المجلد ۳۹، ص۸۳. بی‌تا. [https://lib.eshia.ir/10243/39/83/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%85 مقاله را از اینجا بخوانید.]
===انگلیسی===
===انگلیسی===
 
# Keown, John. “Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide, and the Law: A Review of the Evidence.” ‘‘The Lancet’’ 362, no. 9381 (2003): 395–399. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14029-9]
# van der Maas, Paul J., Johannes J. M. van Delden, Loes Pijnenborg, and Caspar W. N. Looman. "Euthanasia and Other Medical Decisions Concerning the End of Life." ''The Lancet'' 338, no. 8768 (1991): 669–674. [https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91241-L]
# Young, Robert. "Voluntary Euthanasia." In ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (Fall 2021 Edition), edited by Edward N. Zalta. Stanford University, 2021. [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/euthanasia-voluntary/]
# Brock, Dan W. "Voluntary Active Euthanasia." In ''Bioethics: An Anthology'', edited by Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer, 2nd ed., 233–240. Oxford: Blackwell, 2006. [https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315258447-35/voluntary-active-euthanasia-dan-brock]
# Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Bregje D., et al. "Euthanasia and Other End-of-Life Decisions in the Netherlands in 1990, 1995, and 2001." ''The Lancet'' 362, no. 9381 (2003): 395–399. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14520-5]
# Emanuel, Ezekiel J., et al. "The Practice of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States: Adherence to Proposed Safeguards and Effects on Physicians." ''Annals of Internal Medicine'' 121, no. 10 (1994): 793–802. [https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-10-199411150-00010]
# Smets, Tinne, et al. "Legal Euthanasia in Belgium: Characteristics of All Reported Euthanasia Cases." ''Medical Care'' 48, no. 2 (2010): 187–192. [https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181c0d4f2]
# Rachels, James. "Active and Passive Euthanasia." ''New England Journal of Medicine'' 292, no. 2 (1975): 78–80. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2264987]
# Rachels, James. "The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality." ''Philosophy & Public Affairs'' 4, no. 2 (1975): 123–143. [https://philpapers.org/rec/RACTEO]
# Ward, B. J., and P. A. Tate. "Attitudes among NHS Doctors to Requests for Euthanasia." ''BMJ'' 308, no. 6940 (1994): 1332–1334. [https://www.bmj.com/content/308/6940/1346.short]
# Keown, John. "Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide, and the Law: A Review of the Evidence." ''The Lancet'' 362, no. 9381 (2003): 395–399. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14029-9]
# Downie, Jocelyn, et al. "Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: A Physician's Guide to the Law." ''CMAJ'' 188, no. 16 (2016): E407–E414. [https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.160060]
# Sharma, S. K. "Euthanasia: Right to Life vs Right to Die." ''Indian Journal of Medical Research'' 136, no. 6 (2012): 899–902. [https://journals.lww.com/ijmr/fulltext/2012/36060/euthanasia__right_to_life_vs_right_to_die.2.aspx]
# Keown, John. "Euthanasia, Ethics and the Law: From Conflict to Compromise." ''Bioethics'' 16, no. 3 (2002): 276–292. [https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8519.00276]
# Quill, Timothy E., Christine K. Cassel, and Diane E. Meier. "Care of the Hopelessly Ill: Proposed Clinical Criteria for Physician-Assisted Suicide." ''JAMA Internal Medicine'' 153, no. 23 (1993): 2591–2597. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/410108]
# Chaturvedi, S. K., and S. K. Sharma. "Euthanasia: Right to Die with Dignity." ''Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care'' 3, no. 4 (2014): 300–302. [https://journals.lww.com/jfmpc/fulltext/2014/03040/_Euthanasia__Right_to_Die_with_Dignity_.47.aspx]
# Rachels, James. "Active and Passive Euthanasia." ''Philosophy & Public Affairs'' 4, no. 2 (1975): 78–80. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2108012]
# "Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide." ''Issues in Law & Medicine'' 22, no. 1 (2006). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07357900600894898]
# "Euthanasia and assisted suicide." ''BMJ'' 327, no. 7408 (2003): 189. [https://www.bmj.com/content/327/7408/189.short]
# Math, Suresh Bada, and Santosh K. Chaturvedi. "Euthanasia: An Indian Perspective." ''Indian Journal of Psychiatry'' 54, no. 2 (2012): 177–183. [https://journals.lww.com/indianjpsychiatry/fulltext/2012/54020/euthanasia__an_indian_perspective.13.aspx]
# Verhagen, Eduard, and Pieter J. J. Sauer. "The Groningen Protocol — Euthanasia in Severely Ill Newborns." ''The New England Journal of Medicine'' 352, no. 10 (2005): 959–962. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp058026]
# Battin, Margaret P., Agnes van der Heide, Linda Ganzini, Gerrit van der Wal, and Bregje D. Onwuteaka-Philipsen. "Legal Physician-Assisted Dying in Oregon and the Netherlands: Evidence Concerning the Impact on Patients in 'Vulnerable' Groups." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 33, no. 10 (2007): 591–597. [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3070710/]
# Kim, Scott Y. H., Raymond G. De Vries, and John R. Peteet. "Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide of Patients With Psychiatric Disorders in the Netherlands 2011 to 2014." ''JAMA Psychiatry'' 73, no. 4 (2016): 362–368. [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2491354]
# Rada, Arifin. "Euthanasia dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam." ''Perspektif'' 18, no. 2 (2013): 119–130. [http://www.jurnal-perspektif.org/index.php/perspektif/article/view/119]
# Doyal, Len, and Lesley Doyal. "Why Active Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide Should Be Legalised." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 34, no. 3 (2008): 150–151. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/34/3/150.short]
# Rachels, James. "Active and Passive Euthanasia." ''Philosophy & Public Affairs'' 4, no. 2 (1975): 78–80. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3561967]
# Huxtable, Richard. "Euthanasia, Ethics and the Law: From Conflict to Compromise?" ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 32, no. 12 (2006): 706–707. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/32/12/706.short]
# Watson, Rory. "Belgium Gives Terminally Ill People the Right to Die." ''BMJ'' 326, no. 7383 (2003): 271. [https://www.bmj.com/content/326/7383/271]
# Huxtable, Richard, and Maaike Möller. "Setting a Principled Boundary? Euthanasia as a Last Resort." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 41, no. 8 (2015): 630–634. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/41/8/630.short]
# Dierickx, Sigrid, et al. "Euthanasia for Psychiatric Patients: A Survey of the Attitudes of Psychiatrists in Flanders, Belgium." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 45, no. 2 (2019): 84–90. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/45/2/84.abstract]
# Kamisar, Yale. "Some Non-Religious Views against Proposed 'Mercy-Killing' Legislation." ''The Hastings Center Report'' (or similar JSTOR legal analysis). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20434041]
# Robertson, John A. "Involuntary Euthanasia of Defective Newborns: A Legal Analysis." In ''Contemporary Issues in Bioethics'', edited by Tom L. Beauchamp and LeRoy Walters. Routledge, 2019 (or original 1975 version). [https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315258447-22/involuntary-euthanasia-defective-newborns-legal-analysis-john-robertson]
# O'Brien, Raymond C. "Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: The Law and the Reality." ''Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy'' (or related law review article). [https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship/516/]
# "Euthanasia and Assisted Dying." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 35, no. 7 (2009): 436. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/35/7/436.short]
# Bilsen, Johan, et al. "End-of-Life Practices in Belgium." ''The New England Journal of Medicine'' 361 (2009): 1119–1121. [https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc0904292]
# Fontalis, Andreas, Efthymia Prousali, and Kunal Kulkarni. "Euthanasia and Assisted Dying: What Is the Current Position and What Are the Key Arguments Informing the Debate?" ''Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine'' 111, no. 11 (2018): 407–413. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076818803452]
# Steck, Nicole, Christoph Junker, Marcel Maessen, Thomas Reisch, Marcel Zwahlen, and Matthias Egger. "Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide in Selected European Countries and US States: Systematic Literature Review." ''Medical Care'' 51, no. 10 (2013): 938–944. [https://journals.lww.com/lww-medicalcare/abstract/2013/10000/euthanasia_and_assisted_suicide_in_selected.12.aspx]
# Cohen-Almagor, Raphael. "Euthanasia in the Netherlands: The Policy and Practice of Mercy Killing." ''Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics'' (related legal analysis). [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1073110520958881]
# Buiting, Hilde M., et al. "Reporting of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the Netherlands." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 35, no. 8 (2009): 502–507. [http://jme.bmj.com/content/35/8/502.short]
# Smets, Tinne, et al. "Reporting of Euthanasia in Medical Practice in Flanders, Belgium: Cross Sectional Analysis of Reported and Unreported Cases." ''BMJ'' 341 (2010): c5174. [https://www.bmj.com/content/341/bmj.c5174.short]
# Bamgbose, Oluyemisi. "Euthanasia: Another Face of Murder." ''International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology'' 48, no. 1 (2004): 111–121. [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0306624X03256662]
# Caralis, P. V., Bobbi Davis, Karen Wright, and Eileen Marcial. "The Influence of Ethnicity and Race on Attitudes toward Advance Directives, Life-Prolonging Treatments, and Euthanasia." ''The Journal of Clinical Ethics'' 4, no. 2 (Summer 1993). [https://doi.org/10.1086/JCE199304207]
# van der Heide, Agnes, et al. "End-of-Life Decisions in the Netherlands." ''BMJ'' 331, no. 7518 (2005): 691. [https://www.bmj.com/content/331/7518/691.short]
# Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Bregje D., et al. "Euthanasia and Other End of Life Decisions in the Netherlands." ''Health Policy'' (2008). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168851008002248]
# van der Maas, Paul J., et al. "Euthanasia, Physician-Assisted Suicide, and Other Medical Practices Involving the End of Life in the Netherlands." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 22, no. 5 (1996): 309–314. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/22/5/309.short]
# Dierickx, Sigrid, et al. "Euthanasia in Belgium: Trends in Reported Cases between 2003 and 2013." ''PMC'' (2021). [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8085896/]
# van der Wal, Gerrit, et al. "Evaluation of the Notification Procedure for Physician-Assisted Death in the Netherlands." ''BMJ'' 308, no. 6940 (1994): 1332. [https://www.bmj.com/content/308/6940/1332.full.pdf+html]
# Buiting, Hilde M., et al. "Reporting of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the Netherlands." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 32, no. 4 (2006): 187–192. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/32/4/187.short]
# Wolf, Susan M. "Holding the Line on Euthanasia." ''The Hastings Center Report'' 19, no. 1 (January–February 1989): 13–15. [https://doi.org/10.2307/3561964]
# Cholbi, Michael. "The Euthanasia Debate." ''Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics'' (2024). [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11017-024-09684-0]
# Materstvedt, Lars Johan, and Georg Bosshard. "Euthanasia and the Ethics of Palliative Care." ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 35, no. 9 (2009): 530–533. [https://jme.bmj.com/content/35/9/530.short]
# Bartels, Lorana. "A Right to Die? Euthanasia and the Law in Australia." ''Journal of Law and Medicine'' (2010): 24 pages. [https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/70933807/A_right_to_die_Euthanasia_and_the_law_in20211001-9553-91cvx.pdf]


== پایان‌نامه‌ها ==
== پایان‌نامه‌ها ==
برگرفته از «https://ency.feqhemoaser.com/fa/view/اتانازی_(منابع_مطالعاتی)»